Joseph ketchum



(No Model.)

J. KETGHUM.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL RBSPIRATION. No. 320,070. Patented June 16, 1885.

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Ilnrrnn STATES FATENT Orrren.

JOSEPH KETCHUM, OF BROOKLYN, NEWV YORK.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,070, dated June 16, 1885.

Appiicaiion filed April 1, 1885.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Josnrrr KETOIIUM, of

ful Improvement in Means for Producing Artificial Respiration, of which the following is a specification.

the respiratory organs, when necessary, independently of any aid or without the volition of the patient.

My improvement consists in the combination, with an air-tight chamber suitable for accommodating a patient, of an air rarefier and compressor, whereby the air within the chamber may be alternately rarefied and compressed relatively to normal atmospheric pressure.

The accompanying drawings illustrate apparatus such as I have just described, and applicable to my method of treating patients.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section of one form of apparatus. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of an apparatus of slightly-modified form. Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the latter.

Similar letters of reference designate corre sponding parts in all the figures.

A designates a chamber made of wood or other practically rigid material. It may be of any desirable shape. Preferably it will be of such shape and size that a patient may either be seated or laid down in it. I have shown it as provided with a plate of glass, a, at the front. This will admit light and allow a patient to see beyond the chamber when sitting within the same. The chamber must be airtight. It has a hinged door, a, controlling an opening, through which the entrance and exit of a patient may be made. This door and its doorway will be packed, so that air may not enter between them when the door is closed.

13 designates a tube, made of any suitable material, preferably a flexible material, leading from the interior to the exterior of the chamber. This tube is to be used by apatient (No model.)

while occupying a seat in the chamber. At

the inner end it is provided with a nose and mouth cover, I). This may be secured in po sition on a patients face by a strap, 1). A patient using the tube breathes from and back into the atmosphere outside the chamber.

- Outside the chamber the tube may communi- The object of my improvement is to restore natural respiration when it has ceased or become faint through accidental causes or from disease, and to provide for effectively administering remedial agents or medicaments to cate with a vessel, so that the air inhaled by the patient will be caused to pass through the vessel, and may thus become charged with a remedial agent or medicament either of a fluid or gaseous character.

An atomizer may be combined with the tube to effect the charging of the air, if desirable, when a liquid is used therein, and a gasgenerator may be employed in conjunction with the tube when a gas is needed.

I am aware that I am not the first to produce an apparatus wherein a patient occupying an airtight chamber having a rarefied atmosphere is caused to breathe from and back into the external atmosphere. I am also aware that a patient occupying an air-tight chamber having an attenuated atmosphere has previously been caused to breathe air impregnated with certain liquids intended to act as remedial agents. I do not, therefore, lay any claim here to such features, broadly considered.

The mechanism which is employed to vary the pressure of air within the chamber of the apparatus (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) consists of a flexible diaphragm, O, of rubber, cloth, or analogous material, fitted to an aperture, 0, formed in one of the walls of the chamber. Normally this diaphragm is in the same plane as the wall of the chamber with which it is combined. By forcing it inward the pressure of air within the chamber will be increased relatively to normal atmospheric pressure; but if it is pulled outward the pressure of air within the chamber will be decreased relatively to normal atmospheric pressure. By moving it alternately inward and outward in proper time an artificial respiration of the patient will be produced.

The operation may be effected by the hand of an attendant; but to secure a regularity in the increase and decrease of pressure it will be advantageous to attach a rod, D, to the dia phragm and connect the rod toa crank, E,

extending from a rotary shaft, F. Provision may be afforded for varying the operation to suit a patient by making a series of holes in the crank at different distances from the shaft and connecting the rod to the different holes by a pin, G, passing through the rod-and entering one of the holes in the crank. If it is desirable to vary the increase of pressure relatively to the decrease of pressure in treating different patients,this may be provided for by making a series of holes in the rod, so that it may be connected at different portions of its length to the crank.

A brake, H, may be used in conjunction with the shaft to hold the shaft in any position in which it may be left when the operation of the apparatus ceases. Thus the diaphragm may be normally kept in a position in the same plane of the chamber with which it is combined. The brake shown is a weighted The apparatus shown in Figs. 3 and 4 has apiston, I, and cylinder J in lieu of a diaphragm. One end of the cylinder is open to the interior of the chamber and the other to the atmosphere outside the chamber. The piston may be operated by a handle on-its rod,

or by a rod, D, crank E, shaft F, and brake H. such as I have described. The normal position of the piston will be midway in the length of the cylinder. When moving in one direction from that position it will increase and when moving in the opposite direction past such position it will decrease the pressure of air in the chamber relatively to normal atmospheric pressure.

The diaphragm shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and the cylinder and piston shown in Figs. 3 and 4 are in effect air rarefiers and compressors.

A metronome may be used for a patient to breathe by and the attendant to work by, so as to secure synchronous operations, if desir- V able.

In treating a partly-drowned person, the patient will be laid face downward, with the mouth in communication with a tube, K, lead ing outside the chamber, as thus facility will be afforded for removing the water.

The tubes 13 K will be provided with cocks, so that either may be used at pleasure.

I nately to rarefy and compress the air within the chamber, substantially as specified.

2. The eombinatiomwith an air-tight chamber suitable for accommodating a patient, of an air rarefier and compressor for alternately rarefying and compressing the air within the chamber, and mechanism, substantially such .as described, for operating the air rarefier and compressor, adj ustably connected with the air rarefier and compressor so that it may vary the action of the latter, substantially as specified.

3. The combination,with an air-tight chamber suitable for accommodating a patient, of an air rarefier and compressor for alternately rarefying and compressing the air within the chamber, a rod connected to the air rarefier and compressor, a rotary shaft, and a crank affixed to the shaft, the rod being adapted to be connected'at different parts of its length 1 to the crank to cause the range of movement of the air rarcfier and compressor to occur at different locations, substantially as specified.

4. The combination,with an air-tight chamber suitable for accommodating a patient, of

an air rarefier and compressor for alternately rarefying and compressing the air within the chamber, a rod connected to the air rarefier and compressor, a rotary shaft, and a crank affixed to the shaft, the rod being adapted to be connected to the crank at different dis stances from the shaft to vary the extent or amplitude of motion imparted to the air rarefier and compressor, substantially as specified.

Josnrn KETOHUM.

Witnesses:

T. J. KEANE, WM. G. LIPsEY. 

